Analogies Reasoning Questions

Analogy is a topic of logical reasoning. It contains a series of terms where the similarities between two consecutive terms are found and then the conclusion is drawn which is used to find the next term of the semantic series. Analogy reasoning is also referred to as semantic analogy.

Semantic Series

The semantic series process contains the number, letters or terms which are interrelated to each other in a certain manner. The semantic series has many sub-divisions, which are:

• Analogous pair analogy

• Direct/simple analogy

• Choosing the analogous pair       

• Double analogy

• Choosing a similar word analogy

• Detecting analogy

• Multiple word analogy

• Number analogy

• Alphabet analogy

Semantic Analogy Questions For SSC

Here, we will solve a few of the semantic analogy questions to properly understand the concept:

Question 1: A, E, I, O?

1. R

2. S

3. U

4. Y

Solution: The semantic series contains all the alphabetical vowels. Therefore, the series must have all the vowels. Thus, the last word of the series is U. Making the series: A, E, I, O, U.

Question 2: A, D, I, R, I?

1. O

2. P

3. Q

4. R

5. S

Solution: This type of semantic series is solved by writing down the English alphabet in the manner shown below.

This table will help us determine the difference between any two letters. Therefore, the difference can be written as:

A→(+2) →D→(+4)→I→(+8)→R→(+16)→I→(+32)→P

Hence, the last letter of the series will be P.

Question 3: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11?

Solution: As we can see, the series contains prime numbers. Therefore, the next number in the series will also be a prime number after the number 11.

Hence, the answer to the question is 13.

Question 4: Which number can be substituted at the place before the question mark: 2, 4, 8, 16,……., 128,?

1. 256

2. 312

3. 214

4. 232

Solution: If you observe the series carefully, the number is doubled after each number. Therefore, the number that will appear before the question mark is the number that is the double of 128, which is 256.

Question 5: Which number will appear before the question mark: 1, 4, 27,?

1. 3,125

2. 81

3. 125

4. 256

Solution: If you observe the series carefully, it is a power series and can be seen as shown below:

1¹, 2², 3³, 4⁴

Thus, the number that will appear before the question mark is 4⁴. The value of 4⁴ will be equal to 256. Hence, the solution to the problem will be 256.

Question 6: Book:Author::Newspaper:?

1. Writer

2. Journalist

3. Reporter

4. Director 

Solution: In the question above, the relation between the book and the author is that an author writes a book. Therefore, the relation between the newspaper and the occupation should be the same. Thus, the occupation should be someone who writes in the newspaper, which is a journalist.

Hence, the word that should appear before the question mark is journalist.

Question 7: EFGH:IJKL::PQRS:?

1. TUVW

2. STUV

3. UVWX

4. AXYZ

Solution: As we can see, the first two terms EFGH and IJKL are in continuation. Therefore, the letters that can be placed before the question mark are TUVW, which will be in continuation (PQRSTUVW).

Question 8: Aluminium is related to solid, similarly, nitrogen is related to?

1. Liquid

2. Gas

3. Oxygen

4. Air 

Solution: As we can see, aluminium is related to solid because that is the description of its state. Therefore, the word that precedes the question mark must describe the state of nitrogen, which is gas.

Hence, aluminium is related to solid, similarly, nitrogen is related to gas.

Question 9: Dog:Bitch::Cat:?

1. Princess

2. Empress

3. Silver

4. Queen

Solution: The relation between dog and bitch is that bitch is the female version of a dog. Therefore, the question mark must be replaced with the word that describes the female of a cat.

Hence, the word preceding the question mark will be queen.

Question 10: India:Delhi::China:?

1. Beijing

2. Chongqing

3. Shanghai

4. Tianjin

Solution: India is related to Delhi because Delhi is the capital of India. Therefore, the question mark must be replaced by the capital of China, which is Beijing.

Hence, the correct answer is Beijing.

Conclusion

Analogy reasoning or semantic analogy is a part of logical reasoning. It is one of the most important parts of any profession or aptitude-based examination. The question of analogical reasoning contains a series of terms where the similarities between two consecutive terms are found and then a conclusion is drawn, which is used to find the next term of the semantic series.