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Q 1. With reference to National Clean Air Programme (NCAP), consider the following statements:
1. It was launched by the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC).
2. It is an effort to frame a national framework for air quality management with a time-bound reduction target.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: (c)
Recently, the Centre has set a new target of a 40% reduction in particulate matter concentration in cities covered under the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) by 2026, updating the earlier goal of a 20 to 30% reduction by 2024.
Statement 1 is correct: National Clean Air Programme was launched by the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC) in January 2019.
Statement 2 is correct: It is the first-ever effort in the country to frame a national framework for air quality management with a time-bound reduction target. It seeks to cut the concentration of coarse (particulate matter of diameter 10 micrometer or less, or PM10) and fine particles (particulate matter of diameter 2.5 micrometers or less, or PM2.5) by at least 20% in the next five years, with 2017 as the base year for comparison. It covers 132 non-attainment cities which were identified by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB).
Q 2. With reference to the Reproductive rights of women, consider the following statements:
1. Rights of reproductive autonomy, dignity, and privacy under Article 21 of the Indian constitution are valid for only married women.
2. Reproductive rights include the right to access education and information about contraception and sexual health and the right to choose safe and legal abortion.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: (b)
Recently, the Supreme Court has allowed all women (married and unmarried) in the country, regardless of marital status, can undergo an abortion up to 24 weeks into pregnancy to access safe and legal abortion care.
Statement 1 is not correct: Supreme Court held that the rights of reproductive autonomy, dignity, and privacy under Article 21 of the Constitution give an unmarried woman the right of choice as to whether or not to bear a child on a similar footing as that of a married woman.
Statement 2 is correct: The term Reproductive Right is not restricted to having or not having children. Reproductive rights of women included a “constellation of rights, entitlements, and freedoms for women”. Reproductive rights include the right to access education and information about contraception and sexual health, the right to choose safe and legal abortion, and the right to reproductive health care.
Q 3. With reference to Special Assistance to States for Capital Investment for 2022-23 Scheme, consider the following statements:
1. Financial assistance is provided to the States Governments in the form of a 50-year interest-free loan for capital investment projects.
2. For the 2022-23 Financial Year (FY) total financial assistance of Rs 1 lakh crore would be given to states.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: (c)
Recently, the Government has launched a Scheme Special Assistance to States for Capital Investment for 2022-23.
Statement 1 is correct: Under this Scheme, financial assistance is provided to the States Governments in the form of a 50-year interest-free loan for capital investment projects.
Statement 2 is correct: For the 2022-23 Financial Year (FY) total financial assistance of Rs 1 lakh crore would be given to states. The loan under the scheme would be over and above the normal borrowing ceiling allowed to the state for FY 2022-23 and should be spent in the same year.
Q 4. With reference to the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act (UAPA), consider the following statements:
1. The UAPA provides for a tribunal under a High Court judge to be constituted by the government for its bans to have long-term legal sanctity.
2. A government order would not come into effect until the UAPA tribunal has confirmed it.
3. UAPA tribunal has the same powers as vested in a civil court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (d)
The Popular Front of India (PFI), declared an “unlawful association” under the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act (UAPA) by the Centre, will now have the option to present its case before a tribunal that must confirm the government notification for the ban to continue.
Statement 1 is correct: The UAPA provides for a tribunal under a High Court judge to be constituted by the government for its bans to have long-term legal sanctity. Orders to declare an organization as “unlawful” are issued by the Centre under Section 3 of the UAPA. The provision says that “no such notification shall have effect until the tribunal has, by an order made under Section 4, confirmed the declaration made therein and the order is published in the Official Gazette”.
Statement 2 is correct: A government order would not come into effect until the tribunal has confirmed it. In exceptional circumstances, the notification can come into effect immediately once the reasons for it are recorded in writing. The tribunal can endorse or reject it.
Statement 3 is correct: The tribunal has the power to regulate its own procedure, including the place at which it holds its sittings. Thus, it can hold hearings in different states for allegations pertaining to those states. To make inquiries, the tribunal has the same powers as vested in a civil court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908.
Q 5. Which of the following statement is/are correct about the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI)?
1. FICCI is the largest and oldest apex business organization in India.
2. It’s a non-government, not-for-profit organization.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: (c)
Recently, the Union Skill Development and Entrepreneurship Minister inaugurated the 13th Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI) Global Skills Summit 2022.
Statements 1 and 2 are correct: The Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI) is a non-government, not-for-profit organization. It was established in 1927 and it is the largest and oldest apex business organization in India. It provides a platform for networking and consensus building within and across sectors and is the first port of call for the Indian industry, policymakers, and the international business community.
