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What is is Solar Observatory?
- Purpose: Dedicated to observing and studying the Sun.
- Instruments: Utilizes specialized telescopes and tools to observe solar phenomena.
- Importance: Critical for understanding solar activity’s impact on Earth’s climate and space weather.
Kodaikanal Solar Observatory (KoSO):
- Establishment: Founded in 1899 by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics.
- Location: Southern tip of the Palani Hills, Tamilnadu
- Contributions: First detected the Evershed effect (apparent radial flow of gas observed in the outer region of the sunspots) in 1909, linking solar activity to monsoons.
- Historical Context: Established after the Great Drought of 1875-1877 highlighted a potential connection between solar activity and seasonal rainfall patterns.
Why in News:
- Kodaikanal Solar Observatory recently celebrated the milestone of its 125th Anniversary.
