Physical Features Of India Presented By -Sakshi mittal
Division of Himalayas from North to South 1. The Greater Himalayas 2. The lesser Himalayas 3. Shiwaliks
eLesser Himalaya (or Middle Himalaya or Himachal or Antagiri) The Lesser Himalayas .The average height of lesser Himalayan ranges is about 5000 meters
This range lies towards the south of the Great Himalayas. .The altitude of peaks in this range varies from 3,700 to 4,500 meter. Average width of this range is 50 km. This range is mainly composed of highly compressed and altered rocks. .The most important mountain range here is the Pir Panjal mountain range and it is the longest range. Dhaula Dhar and Mahabharat mountain ranges are also important ranges of lesser himalayas. All great valleys like Kashmir Valley, Kangra Valley, Kullu Valley are present here. This region is also known as for its hill stations (for e.q. Kullu,-Manali, Kufri,
From west to east, middle Himalaya is divided into following ranges: Pirpanjal range (J&K): It is longest range of the Middle Himalaya. . Dhauladhar range (Himachal Pradesh) Mussoorie range (Uttarakhand) Nagtibba range (Uttarakhand) Mahabharat range (Nepal)
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Also known as Outer Himalayas. Located in between the Great Plains and Lesser Himalayas. The altitude varies from 600 to 1500 metres. Shiwaliks Runs for a distance of 2,400 km from the Potwar Plateau to the Brahmaputra valley. o The width of the Shiwaliks varies from 50 km in Himachal Pradesh to less than 15 km in Arunachal Pradesh
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Different names of Shiwalik Jammu Region Jammu Hills Dafla, Miri, Abor and Mishmi HillsArunachal Pradesh The Dhang Range, Dundwa Range Uttarakhand Churia Ghat Hills Nepal
Shiwalik Hills were formed by the accumulation of conglomerates (sand, stone, silt, gravel, debris etc.)which in the initial stages of deposition, obstructed the courses of the rivers draining from the higher reaches of the Himalayas and formed temporary lakes. With passage of time, these temporary lakes accumulated more and more conglomerates. The conglomerates were well settled at the bottom of the lakes. When the rivers were able to cut their courses through the lakes filled with conglomerate deposits, the lakes were drained away leaving behind plains called 'duns' or 'doons' in the west and 'duars' in the east. Dehra Dun in Uttarakhand is the best example [75 km long and 15-20 km widel . Kotah, Patli Kothri, Chumbi, Kyarda, Chaukhamba, Udhampur and Kotli are other important duns.
Barak river .Loktak lake .Molasis basins
Kashmir or Northwestern Himalayas .The Kashmir Himalayas have the largest number of Glaciers in India. The Ladakh region of the Kashmir Himalayas is India's Cold Desert Biosphere reserve. .Karakoram,Pirpanjal, Ladakh and Zaskar ranges A special feature of the valleys of Kashmir Himalayas is the Karewa deposits which are made up of silt, clay and sand. The Karewas are known for saffron cultivation and have orchards of fruits and dry fruits such as apple, peach, almond, and walnut. .The major characters of Kashmir Himalayas are Glaciers, snow peaks, deep valleys and High Mountains
The Himachal or Uttarakhand Himalayas Extension of Ladakh range Lies between Ravi and Kali Drained by Indus and Ganga . All the three ranges of Himalayas are prominent in thus region Hill stations-Dharmashala, Shimla, Kaosani . Valley of flowers Piligrimage: Gangotri, Yamunitri, Kedarnath,Badrinath,Hemakund Sahib . Prayag-5 river confluence
Cantonment towns:Dharmasala, Shimla, Mussorie, Almora,Ranikhet Bhotia tribe
Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas Between Bhutan and Nepal Fast flowing rivers-Tista .Mountain peaks-Kanchenjunga Lepcha tribes-Northern parts Southern parts- Nepalis, Bengalis and tribals from central India Tea Gardens