Urbanization Impacts, e-waste Management, Plastic Pollution

URBANIZATION AND ENVIROMENT BUT WHAT IS URBANIZATION???? BY PRACHI GUPTA

URBANIZATION

What is urbanization . It is the growth of cities, brought about by a population shift from rural areas and small communities to large ones, and the change from a largely agricultural economy to an industrial one. is results in the development of cities and towns on formerly agricultural or natural lands.

Urbanization is closely linked to modernization industrialization, and the sociological process of rationalization. Urbanization is not merely a modern phenomenon, but a rapid and historic transformation of human social roots on a global scale, where rural culture is being rapidly replaced by urban culture

History of Urbanization Through most of history, the human population has lived a rural lifestyle, dependent on agriculture and hunting for survival. In 1800, only 3 % of the world's population lived in urban areas. . By 1900, it increase almost 14 % , although only 12 cities had 1 million or more inhabitants. . In 1950, 30 % of the world's population resided in urban centers. The number of cities with over 1 million people had grown to 83. .

. The world has experienced un imaginary urban growth in recent decades In May 2007 for the first time in history over 50% of the world's population lived in urban area: . There are 411 cities over 1 million. More developed nations are,about 76% urban, while 40 percent of residents of less developed countries live in urban areas. . . It is expected that 60%ofthe world population, will be urban by 2030, and that most urban growth will occur in less developed countries

Causes of urbanization . A city grows through natural increase- the excess of births over deaths and the in- migration of people from rural areas. MDCS (more developed countries) and LDCs (less which urbanization is occurring. developed countries)differ in the way in

Global differences in urbanization .New York and London are typical of large cities in more developed countries that arose in the 1800s and early 1900s, reached their current size mid-century, and have since experienced slow growth or decline. Cities in some less developed countries, such as Mexico City, grew very rapidly between 1950 and 1980, and are growing more slowly now Many Asian and African cities, such as Lagos and Bombay, are experiencing very rapid growth now and are projected to continue at this pace.