Ancient Theism and Medieval Theism Philosophy (in Hindi)

Lesson 10 of 13 • 12 upvotes • 12:40mins

Rohit Dadhich

Indians distinguish two classes of Indian philosophies: astika and nastika. The astika systems respect the Vedas to some degree. They are: Sankhya, Yoga, Vedanta, Mimamsa, Nyaya, and Vaisheshika. The nastika systems reject Vedic thought. They are: Jainism, Buddhism, and Lokayata. Though forms of most of these schools still exist today, I will write of them in the past tense to refer to their ancient forms. In the West, philosophical schools tended to rise and fall, one after the other. But in India all these systems competed for adherents beside each other for centuries. Each system (or darshana, literally “view”) eventually developed sutras: aphoristic summaries of its positions, along with quick responses to common objections and brief attacks on the other systems. But the systems themselves predate their sutras, probably by many centuries.