Solving Math Reasoning Questions

General intelligence and reasoning are defined as a person’s ability to perform mental tasks. General intelligence is the indication of a person’s IQ. General intelligence is also termed the G-factor.

Charles Spearman introduced the concept of general intelligence in 1904. According to him, the general intelligence of any person depends upon the following factors- quantitative reasoning, fluid reasoning, visual-spatial processing, knowledge, and working memory.

Maths reasoning questions are based on verbal reasoning in which mathematical operations are involved to solve the reasoning maths questions.

Mathematical Reasoning and Questions

Here,we will learn how to solve maths reasoning questions. Some of the topics in this category are: 

1. Percentages

2. Ratios and proportions

3. Time and work

4. Time and distance

Let’s look at a few examples.

1.Percentages:- The meaning of percent is out of 100. Or expressing the quantity in the fractions of 100. Any number is expressed as a whole of 100 and the fraction of this number is expressed out of 100 and is denoted by the % sign.

 Maths reasoning question example based on percentage:

There are 500 boxes so we assume that these boxes are 100%. Now, we have to choose 250 boxes out of 500 boxes. What is the percentage of 250? For this, we divide 250 by the total number of boxes.

250/500 × 100 = 0.5 × 100 =50%

Hence, the 250 boxes are 50% of the total 500 boxes.

Example:- An employee receives a salary of Rs 5000. If he spends 5% on travelling , 10% on house expenses, 10% other expenses, what amount will he be left with?

Solution:- Total amount he got =Rs 5000 

So, we will calculate the different percentage of expenses and subtract it from the total salary.

On travelling: 5000 × 5/100 = 250rs

Now the remaining amount = 5000-250 =4750

On house expenses: 4750 × 10/100 = 475 s

Now the remaining amount will be = 4750-475=Rs 4275 

On other expenses : 4275 × 10/100 = 427.5

Now the remaining amount will be: 4275-427.5=Rs 3847.5 

The employee will have the remaining amount = Rs 3847.5 

We can also do this question in another way too:

If he is spending 5%, then the remaining amount will be 95% or 0.95. So now, 

the remaining amount will be: 5000 × 0.95 × 0.9 × 0.9 = Rs 3847.5 

You can save a lot of time by doing this.Hope you have understood the reasoning maths question

Based on percentage.

2.Ratios and proportions:-  Ratio is defined as the fraction of the one quantity to the other quantity. For example, if we need to make tea and need to add 20 g of tea leaves to 1000 ml milk,  the ratio of tea in a milk will be 20/1000 = 1/50 

This means that for every 50ml of milk, 1 gram of tea leaves is required. Now we can calculate the amount of tea required for any quantity of milk.

Proportion defines the equivalence of two ratios. If the speed of a vehicle is 50 metres per second, it means that the vehicle covers 300 metres in 60 seconds or 1 minute.

Example:- Are A= 20/100 and B = 40/200 in the same proportion?

Solve both the ratios. If the ratios are same, then they are in proportion: 

A = 20/100 = 1/5

B = 40/200 = 1/5 

 A = B = 1/5 

So the ratios are in proportion.

3. Time and work:- Time and work are the relationship between the number of the workers and the time in which they can complete the amount of work. For better understanding the concept we will do one example.

Example of maths reasoning question based on time and work:

If A can make a wall in 3 days and B can make it in 2 days then in how much time will they both finish the work?

So, the efficiency of worker A completing the amount of work in one day will be = 1/3

Similarly for B, efficiency will be= 1/2

So to calculate how much work  A and B will complete in one day, we use the formula: 1/3 + 1/2 = 5/6units

So the number of days in which A and B will complete the work will be = 6/5 = 1.2 days

4. Time and distance:- Time and distance is the relationship between the time taken by the object to complete a certain distance. The ratio of distance and time is termed the speed.Average speed is defined as the ratio of the total distance covered by the object in a total time.

Speed is measured as S = Distance/Time It is measured in metres per second.

Example of maths reasoning question based on time and distance:

If a person crosses the 500 metre wide river in 50 minutes what will be the speed of the person?

So the distance of the river=500 metre

Time taken by the person = 50 minutes

Speed of the person will be s = Distance/Time = 500/50 = 10 metre/minute

Hence the speed of the person will be 10 metre per minute.Hope you got the concept of reasoning maths questions based on time and distance.

Conclusion

In this article, we have learned about general intelligence and reasoning. It is the mental ability of any person. General intelligence and reasoning actually show spatial visualisation and quantitative reasoning. General intelligence also indicates how analytic a mind a person has. We have also learned the calculation of maths reasoning questions.