India being a tropical country experiences summer to its extremities. In the months from March to June, India faces the scorching heat of the sun. Heat waves paired with the hot sun overhead are two usual phenomena in the days of India Summer. This season also witnesses some major harvesting of crops like corn, wheat, rice, pepper. Cotton clothing is the most preferred choice to protect oneself from the exhausting heat. At this time of year, people experience high temperatures and resultant exhaustion from the heat.

Indian Summer Season: Discussion

In the Gregorian calendar from March to June, India experiences the summer season. The sweltering heat and the heat waves blowing from day to night is one of the predominant features of this season. India is a country with tropical climatic conditions and high humidity causes extreme cases of exhaustion in people. Cotton clothing is a preferred prevention against the extensive heat.

During this season, the Hilly areas and desert regions have to bear the cause and effects of the scarcity of water. June marks the hottest of the months in India. On average, the temperature crosses 45 degrees. In some regions in the Western Ghats, the temperature even goes above 50 degrees. Summer in India is known to cause severe cases of stomach infection and dehydration.

The Climatic Condition in the Summer Season 

The weather condition of the summer season is attributed to several changes in the wind flow patterns and surface pressure. 

• In the summer, the sun gradually shifts northwards marking the rise in temperature. The upper and low-level wind circulation also undergoes a thorough change in this season. 
• The atmospheric pressure during this time of the period is at an all-time low because of the extensive rise in temperature. This condition is prevalent all over the country.
• In summer, the strong divergence in the wind current over the northwest belts prevents the onset of the southwest monsoon until late July.
• The wind current in the summer season is comparatively lighter and due to the Coriolis Effect, the wind direction is mostly towards the southwest direction in the Northern Hemisphere. 
• In the period May and June, due to the steep gradient of pressure, the hot and dusty loo blows with an average speed of 30-40 km per hour and continues for days. 
• Convectional movements in the western jet streams cause occasional thunderstorms during this season.

Trends of Summer in India 

• New Delhi is known to experience very high temperatures during the summer season. On 27th March, New Delhi recorded the highest of 38 degrees Celsius. Even Jammu and Uttarakhand reported cases of heat waves already, between 21st to 29th March. Thereby it is marking a huge geographical expanse in the spell of the heat wave in India.
• Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh are already experiencing severe cases of heat waves that can prove to be fatal to unprotected people and those who are working under the sun in extreme conditions.
• On 29th March, Churu of Rajasthan has already witnessed an extensive rise in temperature crossing the 50-degree mark.
• This high case of the heat wave was mostly caused due to the lack of pre-monsoon rainfall all over India. 
• An extensive case of rainfall deficit was recorded all over India by a staggering 83% with an exception of only Kerala, which has received surplus rainfall of 14%. East and northeastern regions experienced the least rainfall in March with 92%, followed by North-west India, which experienced a deficit of 86%; Central Asia also faced an 84% deficit in rainfall in March.
• These occasional conditions of extensive heat waves of this season of summer are expected to last until May 29th.

Trends of Summer in Peninsular India

The peninsular India experiences summer relatively earlier as compared to the Northern India. Peak summer arrives in the Peninsular Indian earlier as compared to the northern regions because of the movement of sun in the northward direction. Therefore the heat belt gradually moves from South to North direction. In the Deccan plateau temperature resides within 38 to 40 degree Celsius in March. As the heat belt goes upward the temperature soars in northern regions from April. During the summer season of May to June however the temperature remains moderately lower in peninsular regions as compared to the northern parts in India, it is due to the shift of heat belt and the influence of the oceanic belts.

Conclusion

The India Summer ranges from the period of March to June. The harshest conditions are experienced during May and June. The weather conditions during this period are harsh due to frequent occurrences of heat waves and loos blowing around throughout several days in a course. The tropical climatic conditions induce humidity that causes severe cases of dehydration and stomach infections. By the month of March, extreme cases of heat waves have been recorded in several northwestern regions due to a lack of pre-monsoon rainfalls. Summer is also a major food-harvesting season in India.