There is a movement of electrons through one body to another when we come into contact with a conductor. We suffer electric shock as a result of this. Electric shock is a brief sensation of electricity travelling through the body. 

Difference Between Conductor and Insulator

1. Because electrons can easily jump from one atom to another, conductors anticipate unrestricted flow of electric current. Insulators, on the other hand, are anti-electric current because they prevent electrons from freely flowing from one particle to the next.
2.  Conductors are excellent at transferring energy, whether it is in the form of electricity or heat. Insulators, on the other hand, have a difficult time transferring electrical energy and so resist it.
3. Because of the free electrons in their atomic structure, conductors can easily carry electricity through them; insulators, on the other hand, can’t.
4.  Conductors are substances in which the electrons in the atoms are not securely bonded, allowing them to move freely in one or more directions. In insulators, on the other hand, electrons are securely bonded within atoms, preventing any movement of electrons within the nominal voltage range.
5.  Unless they are superconductors, conductors normally have a low resistance, but not zero. Electrical resistance is quite high in insulators.
6.  Electricity flows through conductors, but insulators keep it from flowing through them. The conductor of an electric cord, for example, is the metallic wire, while the insulator is the sheath or protective cover.
7.  You might die if you touch a live conductor.Touching a live insulator, on the other hand, will not produce any discomfort because it resists electric current.

Copper is a conductor because it readily “conducts” electron current or flow. The majority of metals are good electrical current conductors.Copper is a prominent conductor material.

Silver, gold, and aluminium are a few other materials that can be utilised as conductors. Copper remains the most preferred wire material because it is an excellent conductor for electrical current and is less expensive than gold and silver. Copper conducts electricity better than aluminium and the majority of other metals.

Insulators are materials that obstruct the movement of electrons in the same way that conductors do. They make it difficult for electrons to travel freely between atoms. Materials with strongly bonded electrons are known as insulators. These electrons really aren’t free to move around and share with their neighbours.

Glass, plastic, rubber, air, or wood are some typical insulator materials.

Materials That Permit Electricity Or Heat to Pass Through It

Materials which conduct electricity are known as electrical conductors, while insulators are known as insulators. The ease with which electrons pass through a substance determines if it conducts electricity.

Conductors:-

Silver

Gold

Copper

Aluminium

Mercury

Steel

Iron

Seawater

Concrete

Mercury

Insulators:-

Rubber

Glass

Pure water

Oil

Air

Diamond

Dry wood

Dry cotton

Plastic

Asphalt

Electrons Move Freely Within The Conductor 

The flow of these free electrons in one way is what is known as an electric current. Free electrons must go in one direction, which requires energy. Flow of free electrons in one direction the liberated electrons must proceed in just one direction, which requires energy. An electric cell (often referred to as a battery) can provide this energy by causing free electrons to travel in a metal conductor between its two terminals. From the negative terminal to the positive terminal, electrons pass via the conductor. The negative terminal repels them, whereas the positive terminal attracts them.

Within the insulator, electrons do not travel freely: 

1. The outer electrons in insulating materials are not as free to move as they are in  non-insulating materials.
2. Electricity conducts through all metals.
3. The uniform travel of electrons in a circuit is referred to as dynamic electricity, and electric current.
4. Static electricity is an accumulating charge caused by an excess or deficit of electrons inside an object that remains immobile (if on an insulator). Charge separation through contact and isolation of dissimilar materials is the most common way it is formed.
5. For electrons to flow continuously (indefinite period) through a conductor, there has to be a complete, uninterrupted channel for them to enter and exit the conductor.

Conclusion

In terms of quality and functionality, conductors and insulators are diametrically opposed. While conductors allow free movement of electrons through one atom to another, insulators prevent this. Electrical energy can travel through conductors but not insulators. The conductivity of conductors is great, while that of insulators is low.