Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, was one of the world’s worst infectious diseases in the early twenty-first century, with multiple strains developing resistance to one or more commonly used medications to treat the infection. When humans come into contact with a variety of bacteria, they can cause illness or sickness.Bacteria cause disease by secreting or excreting toxins (as in botulism), generating intracellular toxins that are released when the bacteria disintegrates (as in typhoid), or causing sensitivity to their antigenic characteristics (as in typhoid) (as in tuberculosis). Cholera, diphtheria, bacterial meningitis, tetanus, Lyme disease, gonorrhea, and syphilis are all deadly bacterial infections. So let us seek what diseases are caused by bacteria. 

1. The Plague bacteria is carried by which of the following?
2. a) Anopheles mosquito
3. b) Aedes aegypti
4. c)  Rhinovirus
5. d) Xenopsylla

Answer: d

Clarification: The rat flea-Xenopsylla spreads the plague. Yersinia pestis is the pathogen they carry. The fleas leave the infected rats’ bodies when they die, and they can bite the man and introduce plague germs into his blood.

2. Which of the following is not a plague type?
3. a) Septicemic plague
4. b)  Bubonic plague 
5. c) Pneumonic plague
6. d) Typhi plague

Answer: b

Clarification: The most prevalent variety of plague is bubonic plague, which causes the growth of buboes or enlargement of lymph nodes in the neck and armpit areas. Pneumonic plague is the only kind of plague that can be spread from person to person, and septicemic plague involves the rupturing of blood vessels, resulting in black patches on the skin.

3. What is the whole name of the BCG vaccine?
4. a)   Bacillus Coded Gene
5. b) Bacteria Cold Gene
6. c) Bacillus Calmette–Guérin
7. d) Bacteria Coded-Guerin

Answer: c

Clarification: Bacillus Calmette–Guérin is the full name of the BCG vaccine. It’s a weakened vaccine. It is commonly used to prevent tuberculosis infection. It is usually given between the baby’s birth and six months of age.

4.__ was the first person to detect leprosy.

1. a)  Karl Joseph Eberth
2. b) Hansen 
3. c) Robert Koch
4. d) Dr Jay Levy

Answer: b

Clarification:Hansen was the first to discover leprosy, which is why it is also known as Hansen’s illness. Dr. Jay Levy’s group was instrumental in the discovery of HIV. Karl Joseph Eberth was the first to find typhoid, Robert Koch was the first to discover tuberculosis, and Dr. Jay Levy’s group was instrumental in the discovery of typhoid.

5. What is the most common medicine used to treat leprosy?
6. a)  DDS (diamino-diphenyl sulphone)
7. b) Ibuprofen
8. c) Ciprofloxacin
9. d) Isotretinoin

Answer: a

Clarification: Patients with Leprosy are frequently administered DDS (diamino-diphenyl sulphone). Inflammation, discomfort, and fever are all treated by ibuprofen. Patients with typhoid fever are given Ciprofloxacin, and Isotretinoin is an antibiotic used to treat severe acne.

6.Which Clostridium species is the most prevalent cause of food poisoning?

1. a) Clostridium tetani
2. b)  Clostridium butyricum
3. c) Clostridium perfringens
4. d) Clostridium botulinum

Answer: d

Clarification: Clostridium botulinum is a bacteria that causes food poisoning in humans. Tetanus and gangrene are caused by Clostridium tetani and Clostridium perfringens, respectively. Clostridium butyricum is a good prebiotic for our intestines and keeps our brain healthy.

7. Exotoxins are toxins that bacteria emit into the medium or into the environment.
8. a) True
9. b) False

Answer: a

Clarification: Exotoxins are toxins that bacteria release into the surrounding media, whereas endotoxins are toxins that bacteria secrete into their own bodies and subsequently release into the medium when they burst.

8.Which of the following is the combined vaccine given to children for protection against Tetanus, Whooping cough and Diphtheria?
a) DPT vaccine
b) BCG vaccine
c) TAB vaccine
d) HIB vaccine 

Answer : a

Clarification: The DPT vaccination is a combination vaccine that protects children against tetanus, whooping cough, and diphtheria. Diphtheria, Pertussis (Whooping Cough), and Tetanus are all represented by the letters D, P, and T. The DPT vaccine should be administered within 6 weeks after the baby’s birth.

9. Which of the following statements about Typhoid sickness is incorrect?
10. a) Typhoid is caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae.
    b) Infection transmitted through tainted food and water
    c) Among the signs and symptoms are High temperature, weakness, constipation, and a loss of appetite are all symptoms to look out for.
    d) In severe cases, intestinal perforation and death may result

Answer: a
Clarification: Typhoid illness is caused by Salmonella typhi. It’s a gram-negative microorganism. These pathogens usually enter the small intestine by contaminated food and drink and then spread through the bloodstream to other organs.

10. Typhoid Mary was the nickname of which of the following people?
11. a) Mary Mallon
    b) Queen Mary
    c) Meredith Mary
    d) Mary Yang

Answer: a
Clarification: Typhoid Mary was Mary Mallon’s nickname. It was a classic medical case. She worked as a cook and was a typhoid carrier who disseminated the disease for numerous years through the food she cooked.

11. Which disease is characterised by intestinal perforation as a symptom?
12. a) Tuberculosis
    b) Tetanus
    c) Typhoid
    d) Cholera
    Answer: c
    Clarification: Typhoid causes perforation of the gut mucosa, which is a common sign. Typhoid is a lethal disease since it can cause a person to bleed to death.

12. The __________disease is known as Vishuchika in Ayurveda?
13. a) Smallpox

(b) Chickenpox

(c) Cholera

(d) Diphtheria

Answer: (c)

Clarification :  Cholera is the disease which is known as Vishuchika in Ayurvedic language. 

13. Diphtheria is characterized by which of the following symptoms?

(a)  Hydrophobia

(b) Bleeding gum

(c) Suffocation

(d) Excessive watering

Answer: (c)

Clarification : Suffocation is basically the primary symptom of Diphtheria and its characterised by many other symptoms further. 

14. Which of the following pathogens causes Leprosy in humans?

(a)  Mycobacterium

(b) Salmonella

(c) TMV

(d) Monocystis

Answer: (a)

Clarification : Mycobacterium  is the pathogen which causes Leprosy in humans.