The Central Nervous System is the most significant unit in an organism. It is the ‘centre or the hub’ that initiates information, commands, coordinates and also impacts all activities within the body. This is why it is sometimes called the central processing area of the body. The Central Nervous System comprises mainly two parts: The spinal cord and the brain.
The brain is the most important organ and is divided into three parts.
It consumes around 30 percent of the oxygen. It interprets information from five senses within a body, as well as the internal organ stomach. Sometimes, the Central nervous system also includes the retina and optic nerves. These nerves connect directly to the brain tissues without any connecting nerve fibers. The spinal cord is a bridge that connects the brain to the body. If the spinal cord becomes damaged or inoperable, information flow will be disrupted.
There are several cells that play a major role in the proper functioning of the Central Nervous System. Dendrites, neurons and glial are the most important. These cells are connected to your brain and contain all the information.
The fundamental unit of the brain, neurons, is responsible to transmit and process information to nerve cells, glands and muscles. There are approximately 100 billion neurons. Each neuron has a cell structure, an axon and dendrites that create extensions.
They are the specialised extension of the cell’s body. Their function is to receive and transmit information from cells. Dendrites can also be called processes.
There are three main types of glial cells. They provide the neutrons with metabolic and mechanical supports. These cells are:
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