In this content, you will come to know about Noise. If we need to share some information with someone, we generally speak. Have you ever wondered how your voice reaches the concerned person against all external disturbances? An undesired sound usually interferes with other sounds being listened to. In Communication Systems , noise is an error or undesired random disturbance of an information signal. noise is the summation of undesired energy from natural and man-made sources too. The existence of noise will degrade the quality of the signal at the receiving point.
As discussed earlier, noise is an unwanted random signal that exists in a communication system. In other words, noise is a random fluctuation in electrical signal and varies for different devices and is produced by various effects. Noise is more significant in wireless communication systems.
A natural example of noise includes the thunderstorm, which affects communication. The man-made noises include noise from external sources such as power lines and ignition systems. The internal sources include receiving systems associated with electronic devices.
The effects of noise are discussed below.
Noise affects the sensitivity of the receiver system.
The receiver cannot function properly.
The performance of the signal in both analogue and digital systems is degraded.
The receiver cannot get the information that the sender is sharing.
Noise is classified into two main categories. They are Internal Noise and External Noise.
As the name itself indicates, external noises are caused by external sources and are classified into 3 types. They are:
The atmospheric happenings such as lightning, thunderstorm, and other natural sources fall under this type. As the atmosphere is everywhere, its impulses are random and spread all over the spectrum.
As the name itself indicates, terrestrial refers to the outside world. Here they fall under 2 main subgroups: Solar Noise and Cosmic Noise.
The noise that is released from the sun is called solar noise.
The stars and other celestial bodies are present in our universe, and the noise caused by these is distributed all over the sky and is called cosmic noise.
The name itself indicates that the activities of man cause such disturbance. The noise caused by automobile ignition aircraft ignition from external power lines falls under man-made noises. It mainly happens in places where there are more industries.
As the word-internal refers to things that happen in a specific environment. Here the sources of noise arise within the communication system. They fall under 4 categories which are described below.
1) Thermal Noise
2) Shot Noise
3) Transit Time Noise
4) Miscellaneous Internal Noise
Various methods normally reduce the noise. They fall under 2 broad categories. Software method and Hardware methods. Software method refers to the various computer algorithms, while the hardware method refers to introducing devices such as filters, modulators, etc.
This article has discussed the important concept of noise, its effects, and mainly the various classification of noise. Though noise is inevitable, it can be reduced by various techniques, and they are discussed above. The noise is inevitable in communication systems. A knowledge about their classification helps control noise and move to the next step of the communication process. The effects produced by the noise can be understood, and handling of these undesired signals that degrade the quality of the good signal is studied.
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