What do you mean by Three Dimensional Shapes?

We study the three-dimensional shapes in geometry. Three-dimensional shapes refer to the solid shapes or objects that have three dimensions, namely length, breadth, and height. On the contrary, the two-dimensional shapes do not have width or depth. 

The main features of three-dimensional shapes are faces, vertices, and edges. The three dimensions form the edges of a 3D geometric shape. 

A few examples of three-dimensional shapes are cube, cuboid, sphere, prism, cone, and cylinder.

Examples of Three-Dimensional Shapes in Detail

• Cube: A cube has 6 faces, 12 edges, and 8 vertices.

• Rectangular Prism or Cuboid: A rectangular prism or cuboid has 6 faces, 12 edges, and 8 vertices.

• Sphere: A sphere consists of 0 edges, 0 vertices, and 1 curved face

• Cone: A cone has 1 curved face, 1 edge, and 1 vertex.
• Cylinder: A cylinder has 1 curved face, 2 flat faces, 2 edges, and 0 vertices.

The Sphere as a Three Dimensional Shape

A sphere is a three dimensional round shaped object. All other shapes have edges and vertices. But the sphere has no edges or vertices. It has one curved surface. 

A sphere consists of a centre point through which radial lines come out. These radial lines are known as the radius of the sphere and are equidistant from the centre. 

There are numerous real-world objects that are spherical in shape. Some examples are balls, eyeballs, planets. Earth is not a perfect sphere. That is why it is called spheroidal in shape. 1

Some Special Features of Sphere

A sphere is a three-dimensional shape with no edge and vertex. The important features of a sphere are as follows:

• Radius: A sphere has a centre point. The distance between the centre to the curved surface of the sphere is known as the radius. Let the centre of the sphere be at point O and the point on the curved surface be P, then the radius of the sphere will be equal to OP.

• Diameter: In mathematical form, diameter is equal to twice the radius of the sphere. In other words, the diameter of a sphere can be described as the distance between the two points on the curved surface, and it is mandatory for the points to pass through the centre of the sphere.

• Circumference: A circumference is any great circle with the plane passing through the centre. It is equal to 6.382 times the radius of the sphere. 

• Volume: Since the sphere is a three-dimensional shape, it also occupies some space. This occupied space is termed the volume of the sphere. 
• Surface Area: The area that the outer region of the sphere occupies is known as the surface area of the sphere. 

Some Mathematical Formula of Spheres

• To calculate the diameter of the sphere: 2 * radius
• To calculate the circumference of the sphere: 2 * pi * radius, where pi = 3.14 
• To calculate the surface area of the sphere: 4 * pi * (radius)²
• To calculate the volume of the sphere: 4/3 * pi * (radius)³

Properties of Sphere

• It is a symmetrical shape.
• It has no edges and corners.
• It has only one curved surface.
• The points on the surface are equidistant from the centre of the sphere. 
• The sphere has the minimum possible surface area amongst all three-dimensional shapes.
• The sphere has the maximum possible volume of all three-dimensional shapes.