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Bhagat Singh was the great revolutionary fighter for freedom who was born in Sikh family in the Banga village of district Lyallpur of western Punjab on September 27, 1907 and was executed to death on 23 March, 1931 at the age of 23 years at the jail of Lahore. From his early years, he was involved in the struggle for freedom from Britishers. Kishan Singh Sandhu was the father of Bhagat Singh and Vidyavati was the mother of Bhagat Singh.. He had done his education in Dayanand Anglo Vedic High School at Lahore and National College at Lahore. He strictly believes in nationalism, communism, socialism and anarchism. Why I Am An Atheist: An Autobiographical Discourse, Ideas of Nation and many more were some of his publications. He worked in Amritsar as an editor and writer for Urdu and Punjabi newspapers, endorsing theories of Marxism.
He at his young age joined many associations like the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association, Naujawan Bharat Sabha, Kranti Dal and Kirti Kisan Party. He in the revenge of the demise of the nationalist of India, took part in the murder of head constable of India and of junior police officer of British. He also participated in the bombardment held in Delhi in the Central Legislative Assembly or the strike of hunger in jail. He with his 2 associates or activists murdered a British police officer, John Saunders. He fought for justice and freedom from Britishers and also inspired the further generations. He initially supported the Non-Cooperation Movement and the great leader Mahatma Gandhi.
Contributions of Bhagat Singh
John Saunders murder, Channan Singh murder, escaping from Lahore, bombardment at Delhi’s Central Legislative Assembly were some of his famous contributions in the freedom. In 1926, Bhagat Singh established the Naujawan Bharat Sabha for encouraging workers and peasants to fight for freedom and independence against the Britishers. He with his two friends Sukhdev and Chandrashekhar Azad also retaliated for Lala Lajpat Rai’s death which later turned into a case of conspiracy. He popularized the phrase “Inquilab Zindabad” which means “Long live the revolution”. He was also regarded as Shaheed-e-Azam.
In 1929, Hindustan Socialist Republican Association set up factories of bomb in Saharanpur and Lahore, which the police had discovered on April 15, 1929 so they arrested Sukhdev, Jai Gopal and Kishori Lal. He for the case of murdering Chanan Singh and John Saunders and the bombardment in Assembly was shifted from Delhi jail to Central Jail Mianwali where he observed the discrimination between the Indian and European prisoners due to which he started the hunger strike in 1929. The hunger strike gained much popularity among people so finally Lord Irwin had decided to advance the murder trial of Saunder which was came to be known as Lahore Conspiracy Case.
Execution of Bhagat Singh
Bhagat Singh with Sukhdev and Rajguru were hanged on March 24, 1931 on the eve of Congress party’s annual convention at Karachi and condemned to death because of the Lahore Conspiracy Case i.e. in the case of murdering John Saunders, a British officer. They mistakenly identify him as the murderer of Lala Lajpat Rai and killed him instead of James A. Scott, police superintendent who ordered lathi charge on Lala Lajpat Rai for protesting against the Simon Commission. Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru were hanged in Lahore jail at 7:30 pm on March 23, 1931 but got delayed by 11 hours. Their execution was supervised by not a magistrate but by an honorary Judge.
The authorities of jail in a rare act wall broke a hole, took off the body and cremated them secretly outside the village of Ganda Singh Wala under darkness. Then the authorities threw their ashes into the river Sutlej which was about 10 kilometers away from Ferozepur. Their demise greatly affected the people, many printing press reported their execution and many youth got angry at Mahatma Gandhi also.
Conclusion
Bhagat Singh was a great and remarkable freedom fighter who had done great work in order to get freedom from the Britishers or against the Colonial Rule. He was fondly called as ‘Shaheed Bhagat Singh’. He helped in growing India’s militancy in the 1930s by borrowing Anarchism and Bolshevik idea. Hussainiwala National Martyrs Memorial was his monument. He had great impact on youth.
