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A logic gate acts as a switch in a circuit that performs a logical operation. These gates are the building blocks of digital systems. They accept two or more than two inputs but they give only one output. These gates let the data get transferred. Logic is required by them so that they can determine if the signal is to be passed or not. Based on certain rules they manage the flow of information. The logical operation differs in different types of logical gates. We see the logic gates applications in electronic devices such as computers, phones and alarms.

Types of logical gates

1. AND gate

AND gate performs the multiplication of the logical inputs given to it. This gate gives a single output but it can take two or more inputs. If A and B are two given outputs, it will perform A・B and based on that, it will give the output. It will give the output as 1 only when both inputs are 1 otherwise it will give 0.

2. OR gate

OR can take two or more inputs but It will give only one output. OR gate is used to perform the addition of the inputs. If A and B are two inputs given to this gate, the output will be A + B. It will give output as 0 only if both the inputs are 0 otherwise the output will be 1.

3. NOT gate

The most basic among all gates is the NOT gate. It takes only one input and therefore gives one output. The function it performs is the inversion function. If there is an input A provided to the NOT gate, it will perform the A’ operation. If A is 1 then it will give A’ as 0 and if A is 0 it will give A’ as 1. NOT gate is often called an inverter because of its function of inversion.

4. NAND gate

A NAND gate is a NOT gate that is followed by an AND gate. If A and B are the inputs provided to a NAND gate then the input will be (A・B)’. The output that comes from the multiplication of both outputs is reversed. The output will be 0 only if both the inputs are 1 otherwise the output will be 1.

Logical gates application

There are numerous logical gates applications but these gates depend on truth tables. The basic logic gates are useful in various electrical devices such as a push-button lock, an automatic watering system, and a burglar alarm that activates the light. The benefit of these logic gates is that we can use them in different combination circuits. We can use as many logic gates in a single electronic device as we want to. However, the number could be limited because of the physical space within the device. We can perform many advanced functions by mixing many logic gates.

Logic gates are used in ICs that are used in computers, laptops and mobile phones. Many logic gates could be combined in various patterns. These new combinations are used to make new and advanced gadgets and robots. Every electronic device that we see and use in our day-to-day lives is made up of digital circuits and logic gates. A logic gate performs very basic logical functions yet it is an important part of a digital circuit. Their basic function is to decide according to the given digital input.

Industries use these logic gates as a safety parameter. OR gate is used to detect any action in the system. It will notify us about the occurrence of any undesirable events. It will give indications to start the preventive measures in case of any unwanted events. We can take the example of the rise in the temperature of a plant, the logical gate will report so that action must be taken.

Conclusion

The logic gates are said to be the building block of any digital circuit. They perform various operations as per the requirement of the digital circuit. They take two or more than two inputs but they give only one output except for NOT gate. To perform logical processes these gates use Boolean algebra. The operations performed by them can be easily understood. There are various types of logic gates and they all perform different operations and provide various outputs as well. Logic gates are used in digital devices and gadgets and these are also used in safety devices. These can be used in various combinations to make advanced gadgets.