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JEE Main 2026 Preparation: Question Papers, Solutions, Mock Tests & Strategy Unacademy » JEE Study Material » Mathematics » Differentiation of Trigonometric Functions

Differentiation of Trigonometric Functions

Finding the derivative or rate of change of a trigonometric function with respect to another variable is known as the differentiation of trigonometric functions.

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Introduction

Differentiation

The algebraic process for calculating derivatives is known as differentiation. The slope or gradient of a particular graph at any given position is the derivative of a function. The tangent’s value drawn to that curve at any given location is the gradient of that curve. The curve’s gradient varies at different positions along the axis for non-linear curves. As a result, calculating the gradient in such situations is challenging.

It is also known as a property’s change about another property’s unit change.

Consider the function f(x) as a function of the independent variable x. The independent variable x is caused by a tiny change in the independent variable Δx. The function f(x) undergoes a similar modification Δf(x). The ratio is:

Δf(x)Δx

is a measure of f(x) of change in relation to x.

As Δx approaches zero, the ratio’s limit value is

limΔx0f(x)Δx  and is known as the first derivative of the function f(x).

Trigonometric Functions

This is a very simple definition of trigonometric functions (also known as circular functions), which are the functions of a triangle’s angle. A triangle’s connection between its angles and sides can be determined using trigonometric functions. One must know these five basic trigonometric functions to understand any other trigonometric function. These are known as the “foundational trigonometric functions.” Trigonometric identities are also included in this list of resources.

It is possible to calculate the angles of a triangle using a number of trigonometric formulas and identities that show the link between the functions. This section goes over all of the trigonometric functions and formulas in detail so that the reader can better grasp them.

Six Trigonometric Functions

The sine, cosine, and tangent angles are the three most basic trigonometric functions. Trigonometric functions are organised mostly according to these angles. The three functions known as cotangent, secant, and cosecant can be deduced from the fundamental functions. The other three trigonometric functions are more frequently used than the fundamental trigonometric functions.

Differentiation of Trigonometric Functions

The differentiation of trigonometric functions refers to the process of determining the derivatives of trigonometric functions. A trigonometric function can be differentiated by calculating its rate of change with respect to a variable. Differentiation formulas for the six trigonometric functions can be employed in a variety of applications of the derivative.

Cosine (cos x), tangent (tan x), cotangent (cot x), secant, and cosecant are the six basic trigonometric functions formulas. The derivatives and proofs of trigonometric functions can be found in this article. There are numerous uses for the differentiation of trigonometric functions in various domains, including electronics and computer programming.

Defining the rate of change of trigonometric functions with respect to a variable angle is a mathematical technique known as differentiation in trigonometry. Quotient rule can be applied to the differentiation of trigonometric functions to obtain the derivatives of sin x and cos x. Here is the list of trigonometric functions formulas:

  • When we differentiate sin x, we get cos x.
  • When we differentiate cos x, we get -sin x.
  • When we differentiate tan x, we get sec2 x.
  • When we differentiate cot x, we get -cosec2 x.
  • When we differentiate sec x, we get secx tanx.
  • When we differentiate codec x, we get -cosec x cot x.

Applications of Differentiation of Trigonometric Functions

There are numerous uses for the differentiation of trigonometric functions in mathematics and real life. Here are a few examples:

  • The tangent line of a trigonometric curve y=f(x) can be determined from its slope (x).
  • The normal line slope to the trigonometric curve y = f(x) can be found using this formula.
  • Calculating the tangent or normal line equation is made easier with this tool.
  • Electronics, computer programming, and the modelling of various cyclic functions all use the differentiation of trigonometric functions.
  • It is possible to determine the maximum and minimum values of specific functions using trigonometric derivatives.

Conclusion

We have learned about the differentiation of trigonometric functions as well as the derivatives of trigonometric functions. The trigonometric functions are real functions in mathematics that connect the angle of a right-angled triangle to the ratios of the lengths of the triangle’s two sides.

Differentiation of trigonometric functions has a significant role in the study of calculus and statistics. Using trigonometric derivatives, it is also feasible to find the maximum and lowest values of certain functions, as well as their ranges.

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