Logical Reasoning is a section of practically all major government exams in the country, and it is also one of the most scoring. This article contains all subjects, recommendations, and sample questions relevant to logical reasoning for candidates preparing for future competitive exams.

What Is Logical Reasoning?

Working through a set of rules that govern a scenario is a method of problem-solving known as logical reasoning. An algorithm is a collection of rules or instructions. Testing multiple sets of steps – or algorithms – to identify which sequence of rules leads to the proper solution is known as logical reasoning.

In practice, it entails determining or deducing other facts from supplied data. To reason logically, you must reach accurate conclusions based on presumptions.

Transitive inference (drawing a conclusion based on the link between two supplied premises) and conditional reasoning (using a ‘if….then…’ proposition) are two common types of logical reasoning. These structures can be found in a variety of styles of logical reasoning.

Logical Reasoning Can Be Divided Into Three Categories

The word “logical reasoning” refers to numerous different methods of reasoning, including deductive, inductive, and abductive reasoning.

  1. Deductive reasoning begins with the presentation of premises and relationships that can be pursued to a sound conclusion. In deductive reasoning, there is a guarantee of certainty. It takes a generic rule (or rules) and applies them to reach a specific, always true conclusion.
  2. Inductive thinking starts from a different place. Observations are utilised to form inferences about the premises and relationships at play. It entails starting with a specific observation and working toward a broad conclusion. In comparison to deductive reasoning, this conclusion is less certain.
  3. Incomplete observations (or sets of observations) are utilised to determine the best prediction in abductive reasoning. This may be correct, but it is ultimately a best guess that is subject to error.

Logical Reasoning Questions and Answers

Logical Reasoning Questions – Number Series

Q1. Consider the following sequence: 12, 11, 13, 12, 14, 13,… What should be the next number?

  1. 10
  2. 16
  3. 13
  4. 15

Of course, Option D. This is an alternate number subtraction series. First, 1 is subtracted, then 2 is added.

Q2. Consider the following sequence: 36, 34, 30, 28, 24,… What should be the next number?

  1. 22
  2. 26
  3. 23
  4. 20

Option A, of course. This is a subtraction series with alternating numbers. Subtract 2 first, then 4, then 2, and so on.

Q3. Consider the following sequence: 7, 10, 8, 11, 9, 12,… What should be the next number?

  1. 7
  2. 12
  3. 10
  4. 13

Option C is the correct answer. It’s a sequence that alternates between addition and subtraction. In the first pattern, 3 is added, then 2 is deleted.

Verbal Classification Logical Reasoning Questions

Q4. Among the following words, which one does not belong?

  1. index
  2. Glossary
  3. Chapter
  4. book

Book is  the answer. All of the rest are components of a book.

Q5: Which word is the outlier?

  1. insignificant
  2. insignificant
  3. significant
  4. unimportant

3 is for critical. The words remaining and remaining are interchangeable.

Q6. Which of the following words does not belong among the others?

  1. wing
  2. fin
  3. beak
  4. rudder

3. Beak, of course. The rest are components of an aeroplane.

Analogies Logical Reasoning Questions

Q7. CUP : LIP :: BIRD : ?

  1. GRASS
  2. FOREST
  3. BEAK
  4. BUSH

3. BEAK is the correct answer. With your lips, you sip from a cup. Birds, too, use their beaks to eat grass.

Q8. Paw : Cat :: Hoof : ?

  1. Lamb
  2. Horse
  3.  Elephant
  4. Tiger

Horse is the answer. The feet of cats are called paws, and the feet of horses are called hoofs.

Q9. Safe : Secure :: Protect :

  1. Lock
  2. Guard
  3. Sure
  4. Protect

Answer: 2. Guard

Matching Definitions Logical Reasoning Questions

Q 10. When a group of people gathers together in a casual, informal atmosphere, it is known as an informal gathering. Which of the following describes an Informal Gathering the best?

  1. Every month on the first Sunday morning, a debating group meets.
  2. After learning of his salary increase, Jay and a few coworkers head out for a quick supper.
  3. Meena sends out ten bachelorette party invitations for her older sister’s bachelorette party.
  4. Roop always seems to run to meet Dibya when she goes to a Chinese restaurant.

Answer: 2.

Q11. A tiebreaker is an additional contest held to determine a winner among candidates who are tied. Choose the situation that best illustrates a tiebreaker from the possibilities below.

  1. In a football game, the score is 2-2 at halftime.
  2. In the game, Serena and Maria have each won one set.
  3. To determine which team bats first, the umpire tosses a coin.
  4. RCB and KKR were both dismissed for 140 runs.

Answer: 4

Q12. With each team scoring 34 points, the Sharks and Bears are now playing in a five-minute overtime.

  1. After being offered a better-paying job, Jacob departs the restaurant and operates a new eatery on the opposite side of town.
  2. Catherine is studying in France during her junior year of college.
  3. After two years of overseas military service, C. Malcolm is readjusting to civilian life.
  4. Sharon decides that she can no longer share an apartment with her roommate Hilary after several difficult months.

Answer: 3

Conclusion

Logic thinking, in addition to other cognitive abilities, is a vital skill that you use in a variety of situations. It helps you make important judgments, detect the truth, solve problems, come up with fresh ideas, and create realistic goals.