Japan’s first constitution is known as the Meiji Constitution and was enacted in 1889. This constitution was influenced by the 1850s Prussian constitution and became Asia’s first western-style constitution. In 1854, Japan opened up its door to western countries. Hence, constitutionalism ideas and broad aspects of western culture, technology, and thought were introduced in Japan.
In 1868, after the Meiji Restoration, Japan was away from the feudal Samurai regime and moved to the modern unitary. During that time, Japan’s international circumstances were disturbing and all the western countries were advanced in comparison with East Asian countries. Therefore, the most important and main policies of the Japanese government were to build a strong and wealthy country.
One of the most important characteristics of the Indian constitution is borrowed from the Japanese constitution – ‘procedure established by law’. This is regarding the right to personal liberty, the right to life of the Indian constitution. In the Japanese constitution, article 31 also mentioned the right to personal liberty and life. According to the law procedure in the Japanese constitution, no criminal liability is allowed to be imposed. This article is similar to Article 21 of the Indian constitution.
No person can be denied the right to personal liberty and right to life, except based on the procedure that is established by law. This feature in the Indian constitution preserves the natural justice process. In Japan, combined efforts of different articles such as Articles 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, and 38 mentioned a person’s natural right. Through a court’s different interpretations, natural justice was protected. The Indian constitution was influenced by Article 31 of the Japanese constitution.
The Japanese constitution Article 9 is a clause in Japan’s national constitution that prohibits war to settle worldwide disputes, including the state. Japanese constitution article 9 was effective after World War II, on 3rd May 1947. Hence, it is also known as the Japanese Constitution 1947. The state also renounces the aims of international peace and the sovereign right of belligerency based on order and justice. In this article, it is also mentioned that to fulfil these aims, war potential armed forces will not be maintained. This constitution was imposed to occupy the United States after the world-war II period.
On the 26th of January, 1950, the Indian Constitution came into force. At the time of its adoption in the Indian Constitution, there were 395 articles in 22 parts, as well as 8 schedules. Additional parts and articles are added later through different amendments. The constitution was 145,000 words long and it was declared the longest national constitution to be ever adopted. There are 12 schedules in the Indian Constitution. Repealed articles and Preamble parts are specially mentioned in the Indian Constitution.
On a concluding note, we have discussed here the Japanese constitution and the important facts mentioned in its preamble. The Japanese constitution is also known as the ‘post-war constitution’ or the ‘peace constitution’. The three main characteristics of the Japanese constitution are – fundamental human rights, people’s sovereignty, and pacifism. In the Indian Constitution, there were 395 articles in 22 parts, as well as 8 schedules. Additional parts and articles are added later through different amendments. The constitution was 145,000 words long and it was declared the longest national constitution to be adopted ever. 12 schedules are there in the Indian Constitution.
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