Pursuing my Masters in Microbiology. Fun-loving and a chill person. Enthusiastic learner and teacher. Singer and pianist.

Akepogu Jacquelyn

Recognition and entry of different pathogens into animal and plant host cells, alteration of host cell behaviour by pathogens, virus induced cell transformation and pathogen induced diseases in animals and plants.

English

Host and Parasite Interactions for GATE

This lesson talks about interactions like symbiosis, mutualism, commensalism and parasitism. It also talks about pathogenicity and the different kinds of pathogens.

Introduction

Different steps that lead to an infection, portals of entry for pathogens, infectious dose and lethal dose.

Infection

The process of adherence, structures involved in it and determinants of virulence.

Adherence

Host defence mechanisms, types of immunity and the general definition of antigens.

Host Defenses

Structural virulence factors of the pathogens like capsules, cell wall components etc., and penetration into the hist cytoskeleton with the help of invasins and cadherins.

Penetration of Host Defenses

Siderophores, toxins and it’s types, response to toxins and cytoplasmic effects.

Damage to Host Cells

Fungi, Protozoa and algae and their effects on host cells and virus induced cell transformation.

Eukaryotic pathogens and Virus Induced Cell Transformation.

Introduction, symptoms seen in plants after infection, survival of the pathogen in host (continuous and discontinuous infection chains), dispersal of inoculum.

Host-parasite interaction in plants.

Pre-entry, entry and colonisation of pathogens in plants.

The infection process in plants.

Biotrophs and neurotrophs are discussed in detail, hemibiotroph, ectoparasites, types of infections and disease physiology.

Types of pathogens in plants

Host resistance through physical and chemical barriers and the molecules which helps is resistance. Pathogen recognition through specific and non-specific elicitors.

Host resistance and Pathogen Recognition.

Components of rapid active defended and their functions,  delayed active defenses and the functions of its components.

Rapid and delayed active defenses

Classification of genes involved and their functions. (Pathogenic genes and plant defence related genes)

Non-specific plant disease resistance

Characters of specific plants disease resistance, genes involved, race specific, cultivar specific and race-cultivar specific disease resistance.

Specific plant disease resistance.

Race specific elicitors, host selective toxins and race specific suppressors.

Mechanisms underlying specific plant disease resistance

Different terms used to describe plant diseases and their characters.

Terms used to describe symptoms of plant diseases

Viral diseases in plants-the causal organism and the disease. Bacterial diseases in plants - the causal organism and the disease.

Pathogen induced diseases in plants

Different kinds of viral diseases found in animals, the pathogen, reservoir and epidemiology of the disease.

Pathogen induced disease in animals

Important human diseases caused by bacteria, pathogen, vectors/reservoirs and epidemiology of the disease.

Important human diseases caused by bacteria

Consists of a list of 10 questions (multiple choice questions) for a quick revision of the previous lessons.

Exercise - 1

Consists of 10 questions(multiple choice questions), relatively harder than exercise 1.

Lessons

21 lessons • 3h 16m

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Introduction

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Infection

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Adherence

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Host Defenses

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Penetration of Host Defenses

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Damage to Host Cells

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Eukaryotic pathogens and Virus Induced Cell Transformation.

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Host-parasite interaction in plants.

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The infection process in plants.

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Types of pathogens in plants

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