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Abhyudaya Kelkar

In this part the  the Lodis, the Vijaynagar, the Deccan Sultanates, the Regional States, etc. will be discussed.

Apart from all this,  residual aspects of the Sultanate Period, like socio-cultural conditions, religion and Bhakti Movement, the state of economy, etc. during the Sultanate Period will be covered.

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(Hindi) Part-V The Sultanate Period-III

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Medieval History

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This part consists of the following lessons :
Lesson-1 The Regional States - I
Lesson-2 The Regional States - II
Lesson-3 Deccan in the 15th Century
Lesson-4 Bhakti Movement-I
Lesson-5 Bhakti Movement-II
Lesson-6 Bhakti Movement-III
Lesson-7 Sufism in India-I
Lesson-8 Sufism in India-II
Lesson-9 The Lodis
Lesson-10 Sultanate Architecture
Lesson-11 Sultanate Economy
Lesson-12 Sultanate Society, Culture and Administration

Overview - Medieval India Part-V - THE SULTANATE PERIOD - III (in Hindi)

Regional States is such a vast topic that it had to be divided into two parts.

In this first part, we will discuss the Kashmir Kingdom which was supplanted by the Kashmir Sultanate and Shah Mir Dynasty. 

We will also take a look at Sindh and Kutch. 

Then we will see how Rajput states started emerging and growing throughout these two centuries after Alauddin Khilji. The two most prominent of them, Mewar and Marwar, will be explained in somewhat detail.

The other regional states will be covered in the next lesson.

Lesson - 1 Regional States - I (in Hindi)

In this second part of the Regional States, we are going to talk about the various regional Hindu kingdoms and Sultanates, viz. Tomars, Yajvapalas, Chandelas, Bengal Sultanate, Odisha kings, Assam, Gondwana, Malwa and Khandesh.

 It's quite a long chapter. So students are advised to pause the slides as they feel comfortable and note the details. 

With this lesson, we have covered almost all important regional states that were in existence when Babur invaded Delhi ending the Delhi Sultanate in 1526.

Lesson -2 Regional States - II (in Hindi)

The Deccan was dominated by the Vijaynagara and the Bahamanis since mid-Fourteenth century. Their chemistry dominated the history of the Deccan for more than two centuries. 

The position remained unaltered during the 15th century as well, during which there continued the see-saw struggle between these two traditional rivals. 

In between many emperors and Sultans had their time. We will briefly talk about them.

Lesson -3 Deccan During the 15th Century (in Hindi)

The Bhakti Movement had mysterious origins. Most probably it began in the southern India and got transmitted northwards later on. 

In this lesson, we will see in detail how the route for transmission to the north was created and how it was initiated in the south. How the element of devotion in Vaishnaivism, Shaivism and Shakt cults became the backbone of today's Hinduism is a matter of intense study. It is sure that the Bhakti Movement was instrumental in reviving Hinduism and give it the form in which it exists today.

In the succeeding parts we will talk about the transmission and impact.

Lesson - 4 Bhakti Movement - I (in Hindi)

In this lesson we will see how the Bhakti Movement got transmitted to the Deccan and the eastern India.

The various saints of Deccan have been briefly mentioned along with their contributions to the movement.

Except for Basaveshwar, most of them were Vaishnavas. The importance of Jayadeva and Geet Govind and Shankardeva and Hinduism (Vaishnavism) in Purvanchal (Northeast) has been described.

Lesson - 5 Bhakti Movement - II (in Hindi)

Bhakti Movement entered the north either through the east or the south. It was largely due to Ramanand, who had many notable disciples in the north  like Kabir, Ravidas, Pipa, Dhanna.

 This led to a great spiritual movement in northen India alongside the existing influence of Sufism. It blended as Sikhism in Punjab and teachings of Kabir. 

While many other prominent saints flourished during this period like Mirabai in Rajasthan and Narsinh Mehta in Gujarat. 

One unusual feature of this movement was contribution to literature and development of philosophies and languages, Hindi and others. Let us discuss about the residual yet most important part of the Bhakti Movement.

Lesson - 6 Bhakti Movement - III (in Hindi)

Sufism had its roots in Central Asia. Under the patronage of the Persian Buyid Dynasty and later under the Ghaznavids, Sufism prospered in Central Asia and Iran. Sufism arrived in India via land-route and sea. 

Many orders came to India and flowered here. This topic is quite a detailed one. In this first part, we will talk about the basics of Sufism, the various orders that prospered in India during the Islamic rule in India spanning about five centuries.  

Apart from that, there is an introduction to Suhrawardy Order in this lesson and the extent of its influence in India.

Lesson - 7 Sufism in India - I (in Hindi)

The Chishti Order was and is perhaps India's most widespread and popular Sufi Order. There were many notable figures from this order viz. Moinuddin Chishti, Baba Farid, Hazrat Nizamuddin, Amir Khusro, Baba Kaliyari, etc.

 There is a small correction over here. Nizamuddin was born in Badaun which is erroneously spelled as 'Babadun' in this lesson. So please take notice of that. 

Apart from the Chishtis, there were some others which flourished during the Sultanate Period. Those are briefly described here. 

Finally the impact of Sufism on India and the society, which includes revival of monotheism in Hinduism, gradual Islamization and birth of syncretic sects like Sikhism.

Lesson - 8 Sufism in India -II (in Hindi)

The Lodis were the last dynasty to rule Delhi. They had a fairly stable reign of almost eight decades. 

Bahlol Lodi was initially the governor of Sirhind but he gradually captured Delhi and established the Lodi Dyansty replacing the Sayyids. Bahlol was succeded by Sikandar Lodi, who in turn was succeeded by Ibrahim Lodi, the last Delhi Sultan.

 Babur invaded Delhi in 1526 and ended the dynasty as well as the three centuries long Delhi Sultanate.

The sundry aspects of the Sultanate Period that are left are covered in the succeeding lessons.

Lesson - 9 The Lodis (in Hindi)

The most memorable part and the apparent legacy of the period is the Sultanate Architecture. 

It was markedly different from the previous indigenous styles of architecture. There was paradigm changes at least in appearance of the buildings with three striking developments - domes, arches and minarets. The combination of these three elements spread throughout India wherever the sultanates of India had influence.

 Gradually, many styles of regional architecture also evolved over a period of time like Gujarat, Malwa, Deccan, Bengal, etc. There were certain unusual styles too, like Chanderi and Jaunpur. 

The last slide comtains pictures of various buildings belonging to different styles of architecture so as to enable students to compare and distinguish between them.

Lesson - 10 Sultanate Architecture (in Hindi)

India's economy prospered during the Ancient period and kept on prospering during the first five centuries of the Medieval Period too. The trend continued during the Sultanate Period as well, in fact the progress was quite impressive. This can be verified by the fact that Mahmud's and Timur's invasions fetched them enormous wealth from just one corner of the country. Malik Kafur's southern campaigns brought enormous wealth to Delhi, which testifies the equal prosperity in the south. 

India's agriculture, industry, internal and external trade flourished immensely. The highly favourable trade balance resulted in continuous inflow of huge wealth. 

In this lesson we will be talking about the various taxes imposed from time to time.

Lesson -11 Sultanate Economy (in Hindi)

The lesson contains the residual aspects of the Sultanate Period viz. Society, Administration, Art and Culture. 

The village life was agrarian and there emerged various professions and occupations apart from farming. Although these were present in earlier times also, but the rigid social system we are having today actually originated in this period.

 The Iqta System was medieval feudal set-up with Persian origin and Sultanate's backdrop.

 Other aspects of administration, including judiciary, have also been discussed.

 The development of languages, particularly Urdu and sculpture without human or animal figures are quite interesting. 

With this lesson, the Sultanate Period is over. Our next part will deal with the Mughal Period up to 1561.

Lesson -12 Sultanate Society, Culture and Administration (in Hindi)

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The course covers the History of Medieval India by Satish Chandra and Medieval history from Tamil Nadu board book in one go.
This course provides a detailed study of these standard books recommended for UPSC aspirants.
The course will help to study the whole medieval history from the first three empires in north i.e.,Palas, Prathiharas and Rastrakutas to Mughal Empire through lots stories and creative slides.

Lessons

13 lessons • 2h 51m

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Overview - Medieval India Part-V - THE SULTANATE PERIOD - III (in Hindi)

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Lesson - 1 Regional States - I (in Hindi)

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Lesson -2 Regional States - II (in Hindi)

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Lesson -3 Deccan During the 15th Century (in Hindi)

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Lesson - 4 Bhakti Movement - I (in Hindi)

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Lesson - 5 Bhakti Movement - II (in Hindi)

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Lesson - 6 Bhakti Movement - III (in Hindi)

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Lesson - 7 Sufism in India - I (in Hindi)

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Lesson - 8 Sufism in India -II (in Hindi)

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Lesson - 9 The Lodis (in Hindi)

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