Congenital deafness can occur due to the damage of the organ of corti by exposure to rubella virus causing sensorineural hearing impairment

Other congenital defects by rubella

Cardiac $\rightarrow$ patent ductus arteriosus, peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis, ventricular septal defects, atrial septal defects
Ophthalmologic $\rightarrow$ cataracts, pigmentary retinopathy, microphthalmos, chorioretinitis
Neurologic $\rightarrow$ microcephaly, cerebral calcifications, meningoencephalitis, behavioural disorders, mental retardation
Hematologic $\rightarrow$ thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, petechiae/purpura, dermal erythropoiesis causing “blueberry muffin” rash

Other options

Atresia of the external auditory meatus caused as a result of the canalization failure of the meatal plug associated with first arch syndrome, which results in completes atresia (bony plate in tympanic membrane) & partial atresia (soft tissue plug in tympanic membrane).

Congenital cholesteatoma is a benign tumor formed by the proliferation of endodermal cells lining the middle ear cavity results in conduction deafness.

Auricular appendages are formed due to the accessory auricle hillocks during embryonic development. They are skin tags commonly found anterior to the auricle (i.e., pre-tragal area) and raise only cosmetic issues.

Ref: ( Langman's Medical Embryology, 13th edition, Page NO:349 )

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